diff --git a/packages/flutter/lib/src/widgets/basic.dart b/packages/flutter/lib/src/widgets/basic.dart
index 365597e619d..4118db4ee48 100644
--- a/packages/flutter/lib/src/widgets/basic.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter/lib/src/widgets/basic.dart
@@ -4265,7 +4265,13 @@ class _RawIndexedStack extends Stack {
     StackFit sizing = StackFit.loose,
     this.index = 0,
     super.children,
-  }) : super(fit: sizing);
+  }) : assert(
+         index == null ||
+             (index == 0 && children.length == 0) ||
+             (index >= 0 && index < children.length),
+         'The index must be null or within the range of children.',
+       ),
+       super(fit: sizing);
 
   /// The index of the child to show.
   final int? index;
diff --git a/packages/flutter/test/widgets/stack_test.dart b/packages/flutter/test/widgets/stack_test.dart
index b5f1fef38cd..90cbc1121e6 100644
--- a/packages/flutter/test/widgets/stack_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter/test/widgets/stack_test.dart
@@ -1001,6 +1001,51 @@ void main() {
       'BoxConstraints(2.0<=w<=3.0, 5.0<=h<=7.0)',
     ]);
   });
+
+  testWidgets('IndexedStack does not assert with the default parameters', (
+    WidgetTester tester,
+  ) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(
+      const Directionality(textDirection: TextDirection.ltr, child: IndexedStack()),
+    );
+
+    expect(tester.takeException(), isNull);
+  });
+
+  testWidgets('IndexedStack does not assert when index is null', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(
+      const Directionality(
+        textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,
+        child: IndexedStack(index: null, children: <Widget>[SizedBox.shrink(), SizedBox.shrink()]),
+      ),
+    );
+
+    expect(tester.takeException(), isNull);
+  });
+
+  testWidgets('IndexedStack asserts when index is negative', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(
+      const Directionality(
+        textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,
+        child: IndexedStack(index: -1, children: <Widget>[SizedBox.shrink(), SizedBox.shrink()]),
+      ),
+    );
+
+    expect(tester.takeException(), isA<AssertionError>());
+  });
+
+  testWidgets('IndexedStack asserts when index is not in children range', (
+    WidgetTester tester,
+  ) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(
+      const Directionality(
+        textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,
+        child: IndexedStack(index: 2, children: <Widget>[SizedBox.shrink(), SizedBox.shrink()]),
+      ),
+    );
+
+    expect(tester.takeException(), isA<AssertionError>());
+  });
 }
 
 class _ShowVisibility extends StatelessWidget {