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This change enables Flutter to generate multiple Scenes to be rendered into separate FlutterViews from a single widget tree. Each Scene is described by a separate render tree, which are all associated with the single widget tree. This PR implements the framework-side mechanisms to describe the content to be rendered into multiple views. Separate engine-side changes are necessary to provide these views to the framework and to draw the framework-generated Scene into them. ## Summary of changes The details of this change are described in [flutter.dev/go/multiple-views](https://flutter.dev/go/multiple-views). Below is a high-level summary organized by layers. ### Rendering layer changes * The `RendererBinding` no longer owns a single `renderView`. In fact, it doesn't OWN any `RenderView`s at all anymore. Instead, it offers an API (`addRenderView`/`removeRenderView`) to add and remove `RenderView`s that then will be MANAGED by the binding. The `RenderView` itself is now owned by a higher-level abstraction (e.g. the `RawView` Element of the widgets layer, see below), who is also in charge of adding it to the binding. When added, the binding will interact with the `RenderView` to produce a frame (e.g. by calling `compositeFrame` on it) and to perform hit tests for incoming pointer events. Multiple `RenderView`s can be added to the binding (typically one per `FlutterView`) to produce multiple Scenes. * Instead of owning a single `pipelineOwner`, the `RendererBinding` now owns the root of the `PipelineOwner` tree (exposed as `rootPipelineOwner` on the binding). Each `PipelineOwner` in that tree (except for the root) typically manages its own render tree typically rooted in one of the `RenderView`s mentioned in the previous bullet. During frame production, the binding will instruct each `PipelineOwner` of that tree to flush layout, paint, semantics etc. A higher-level abstraction (e.g. the widgets layer, see below) is in charge of adding `PipelineOwner`s to this tree. * Backwards compatibility: The old `renderView` and `pipelineOwner` properties of the `RendererBinding` are retained, but marked as deprecated. Care has been taken to keep their original behavior for the deprecation period, i.e. if you just call `runApp`, the render tree bootstrapped by this call is rooted in the deprecated `RendererBinding.renderView` and managed by the deprecated `RendererBinding.pipelineOwner`. ### Widgets layer changes * The `WidgetsBinding` no longer attaches the widget tree to an existing render tree. Instead, it bootstraps a stand-alone widget tree that is not backed by a render tree. For this, `RenderObjectToWidgetAdapter` has been replaced by `RootWidget`. * Multiple render trees can be bootstrapped and attached to the widget tree with the help of the `View` widget, which internally is backed by a `RawView` widget. Configured with a `FlutterView` to render into, the `RawView` creates a new `PipelineOwner` and a new `RenderView` for the new render tree. It adds the new `RenderView` to the `RendererBinding` and its `PipelineOwner` to the pipeline owner tree. * The `View` widget can only appear in certain well-defined locations in the widget tree since it bootstraps a new render tree and does not insert a `RenderObject` into an ancestor. However, almost all Elements expect that their children insert `RenderObject`s, otherwise they will not function properly. To produce a good error message when the `View` widget is used in an illegal location, the `debugMustInsertRenderObjectIntoSlot` method has been added to Element, where a child can ask whether a given slot must insert a RenderObject into its ancestor or not. In practice, the `View` widget can be used as a child of the `RootWidget`, inside the `view` slot of the `ViewAnchor` (see below) and inside a `ViewCollection` (see below). In those locations, the `View` widget may be wrapped in other non-RenderObjectWidgets (e.g. InheritedWidgets). * The new `ViewAnchor` can be used to create a side-view inside a parent `View`. The `child` of the `ViewAnchor` widget renders into the parent `View` as usual, but the `view` slot can take on another `View` widget, which has access to all inherited widgets above the `ViewAnchor`. Metaphorically speaking, the view is anchored to the location of the `ViewAnchor` in the widget tree. * The new `ViewCollection` widget allows for multiple sibling views as it takes a list of `View`s as children. It can be used in all the places that accept a `View` widget. ## Google3 As of July 5, 2023 this change passed a TAP global presubmit (TGP) in google3: tap/OCL:544707016:BASE:545809771:1688597935864:e43dd651 ## Note to reviewers This change is big (sorry). I suggest focusing the initial review on the changes inside of `packages/flutter` first. The majority of the changes describe above are implemented in (listed in suggested review order): * `rendering/binding.dart` * `widgets/binding.dart` * `widgets/view.dart` * `widgets/framework.dart` All other changes included in the PR are basically the fallout of what's implemented in those files. Also note that a lot of the lines added in this PR are documentation and tests. I am also very happy to walk reviewers through the code in person or via video call, if that is helpful. I appreciate any feedback. ## Feedback to address before submitting ("TODO")
120 lines
3.6 KiB
Dart
120 lines
3.6 KiB
Dart
// Copyright 2014 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
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// found in the LICENSE file.
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import 'dart:ui' as ui;
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import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
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import 'package:flutter/gestures.dart';
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import 'package:flutter/rendering.dart';
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import 'package:flutter/scheduler.dart';
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import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
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import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart' show TestDefaultBinaryMessengerBinding;
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class _TestHitTester extends RenderBox {
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_TestHitTester(this.hitTestOverride);
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final BoxHitTest hitTestOverride;
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@override
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bool hitTest(BoxHitTestResult result, {required ui.Offset position}) {
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return hitTestOverride(result, position);
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}
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}
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// A binding used to test MouseTracker, allowing the test to override hit test
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// searching.
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class TestMouseTrackerFlutterBinding extends BindingBase
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with SchedulerBinding, ServicesBinding, GestureBinding, SemanticsBinding, RendererBinding, TestDefaultBinaryMessengerBinding {
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@override
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void initInstances() {
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super.initInstances();
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postFrameCallbacks = <void Function(Duration)>[];
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}
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late final RenderView _renderView = RenderView(
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view: platformDispatcher.implicitView!,
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);
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late final PipelineOwner _pipelineOwner = PipelineOwner(
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onSemanticsUpdate: (ui.SemanticsUpdate _) { assert(false); },
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);
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void setHitTest(BoxHitTest hitTest) {
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if (_pipelineOwner.rootNode == null) {
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_pipelineOwner.rootNode = _renderView;
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rootPipelineOwner.adoptChild(_pipelineOwner);
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addRenderView(_renderView);
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}
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_renderView.child = _TestHitTester(hitTest);
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}
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SchedulerPhase? _overridePhase;
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@override
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SchedulerPhase get schedulerPhase => _overridePhase ?? super.schedulerPhase;
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// Manually schedule a post-frame check.
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//
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// In real apps this is done by the renderer binding, but in tests we have to
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// bypass the phase assertion of [MouseTracker.schedulePostFrameCheck].
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void scheduleMouseTrackerPostFrameCheck() {
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final SchedulerPhase? lastPhase = _overridePhase;
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_overridePhase = SchedulerPhase.persistentCallbacks;
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addPostFrameCallback((_) {
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mouseTracker.updateAllDevices();
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});
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_overridePhase = lastPhase;
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}
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List<void Function(Duration)> postFrameCallbacks = <void Function(Duration)>[];
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// Proxy post-frame callbacks.
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@override
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void addPostFrameCallback(void Function(Duration) callback) {
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postFrameCallbacks.add(callback);
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}
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void flushPostFrameCallbacks(Duration duration) {
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for (final void Function(Duration) callback in postFrameCallbacks) {
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callback(duration);
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}
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postFrameCallbacks.clear();
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}
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}
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// An object that mocks the behavior of a render object with [MouseTrackerAnnotation].
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class TestAnnotationTarget with Diagnosticable implements MouseTrackerAnnotation, HitTestTarget {
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const TestAnnotationTarget({this.onEnter, this.onHover, this.onExit, this.cursor = MouseCursor.defer, this.validForMouseTracker = true});
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@override
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final PointerEnterEventListener? onEnter;
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final PointerHoverEventListener? onHover;
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@override
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final PointerExitEventListener? onExit;
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@override
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final MouseCursor cursor;
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@override
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final bool validForMouseTracker;
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@override
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void handleEvent(PointerEvent event, HitTestEntry entry) {
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if (event is PointerHoverEvent) {
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onHover?.call(event);
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}
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}
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}
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// A hit test entry that can be assigned with a [TestAnnotationTarget] and an
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// optional transform matrix.
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class TestAnnotationEntry extends HitTestEntry<TestAnnotationTarget> {
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TestAnnotationEntry(super.target, [Matrix4? transform])
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: transform = transform ?? Matrix4.identity();
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@override
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final Matrix4 transform;
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}
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